Migrating inhibitors of chloride corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. Review

A review of studies on migrating corrosion inhibitors (MCI) for the protection of steel reinforcement in concrete when exposed to chlorides is presented. Four MCI groups are considered: (1) Inorganic MCI; (2) Organic MCI, including electromigration corrosion inhibitors (EMCI); (3) Mixed MCI (a mixture of inorganic and organic MCI); (4) Organic MCI with hydrophobic components. Inorganic MCI were among the first to be studied. They are not widely used due to their low penetrating power, interaction with cement stone and possible negative impact on the environment. Organic MCI are well studied and commercially available, especially MCI based on amines and amino alcohols. In most cases, such mics effectively reduce the rate of corrosion both for new concretes that were not exposed to chlorides before treatment with an inhibitor, and for structures containing chlorides. Isolated studies have also reported their low effectiveness. Mixtures of organic and inorganic components in MCI often have a synergistic effect, which increases the anticorrosive effect. Modification of organic MCI with hydrophobic components enhances efficiency due to the additional effect on the concrete coating. In general, the use of MCI represents a promising and developing approach to prolonging the service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chlorides.

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